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t(2) = -0.3333/$$\sqrt{\mbox{2*1.33/3}}$$, the studentised range statistic q = $$\sqrt(2)$$t and Tukey compares the sample q to a crticial value of q(group, df(error)). t(2) = -0.3333/$$\sqrt{\mbox{2*1.33/3}}$$, the studentised range statistic q = $$\sqrt(2)$$t and Tukey compares the sample q to a critical value of q(group, df(error)).

Manual computation for pairwise comparisons involving three or more groups in a repeated measures ANOVA

From Boniface (p.42-3) using what he calls 'reliability' the SS(error) from a one-way repeated measures ANOVA is

SS(subjects x group) = $$ \sum_text{ij} (X_text{ij} - (\bar{X}_text{group} - \bar{X}) - \bar{X}_text{sub})^text{2} $$

= $$ \sum_text{ij} (X_text{ij} - \bar{X}_text{group} - \bar{X}_text{sub} + \bar{X})^text{2} $$

MS(error) = SS(subjects x group) / ((N-1)(Ngroup-1)) for N subjects each in Ngroup groups.

The (uncorrected) t statistic on (N-1)(Ngroup-1) degrees of freedom between a pair of means is $$\frac{\mbox{difference in means}}{\sqrt{\frac{\mbox{2MS(error)}}{\mbox{N}}}}$$.

Using Tukey's test for all pairwise comparisons we can use

$$\frac{\mbox{difference in means)}{\sqrt{\frac{\mbox{MS(error)}}{\mbox{N}}}}$$ = $$sqrt{2}t$$

and compare to the studentised range statistic, q(Ngroup,(N-1)(Ngroup-1)), at 0.05 and 0.01 levels (Tables in Howell, 1997). This can be done computationally using [:FAQ/aovmtb: SPSS as here.]

Example of showing how the above manual calculation relates to computation of Tykey test in SPSS

Suppose we do an experiment on three (within subject) groups with means of 5.67, 6.00 and 6.33 each on three subjects and that the subjects Mean Square Error equals 1.33. Then the Tukey test p-value is for assessing the difference between the first two means (5.67-6.00= -0.33). Note that we need to input the absolute value of this difference (0.33) into the studentised range function in SPSS:

COMPUTE PV=1 - CDF.SRANGE(SQRT(2)*0.3333/SQRT(2*1.33/3),3,(3-1)*(3-1)).

giving p=0.935 as given in the SPSS 'Multiple Comparisons' output for this meane difference since by the above formulae

t(2) = -0.3333/$$\sqrt{\mbox{2*1.33/3}}$$, the studentised range statistic q = $$\sqrt(2)$$t and Tukey compares the sample q to a critical value of q(group, df(error)).

References

Boniface DR (1995) Experiment design and statistical methods for behavioural and social research. Chapman and Hall:London.

Howell DC (1997) Statistical methods for psychologists. Fourth Edition. Wadsworth, Belmont,CA. the studenised range table are also probably in Howell's 2002 edition.

None: FAQ/intsg (last edited 2013-11-21 15:31:56 by PeterWatson)